Known in the medical world as hallux valgus, bunions are a common foot deformity caused when the base of the big toe joint shifts sideways. This bone growth on the toe pushes the bones of the big toe towards the smaller toes, creating a bony bump that can often be painful.
Bunions are a progressive condition and can vary in size. Unfortunately, they can simply be caused by genetics, but poorly fitting shoes that place stress on the feet, such as tight-fitting high heels, can also lead to bunion formation.
Additionally, some people develop bunions due to pre-existing conditions like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Regardless of how they form, most bunions present similar symptoms, including pain, stiffness and swelling in and around the toe joint and sometimes difficulty walking.
To manage bunions, a combination of self-care measures, lifestyle changes, and medical treatments typically works best. Wearing well-fitting, comfortable shoes with ample room for the toes is essential to reduce pressure on the bunion and alleviate pain.
Padding or orthotic devices, such as custom-made insoles, can help redistribute pressure away from the affected area, while applying ice to the bunion and taking pain relief medications, like paracetamol or ibuprofen, may also provide temporary relief from discomfort.
Exercises and stretches designed to maintain joint mobility and strengthen foot muscles can also be beneficial. However, if these treatments do not help, or if the bunion is severe, we would recommend consulting with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment plan and whether surgery may be an option.
